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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Literature Review1, (Lit. review) Human Perception against Joint Torque :Introduction main authors R. Sigrist, motor learning: a lasting change of motor performance caused by training behavioral level, three different phases 2. error detection/correction mechanism, Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key words multimodal augmented feedback / unimodal feedback / motor learning theory / feedback modality / visuohaptic, Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key concept In the future: displaying bars representing actual and target joint angles enhances complex motor learning (Schack et al., 2008) -> concurrent visual feedback for the relevant rowing variables like force-angle plots, (Lit. review) Human Perception against Joint Torque :Introduction reference papers R.Sigrist2012Springer - theoretical review, Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key concept (yet cannot understand exactly:) "once the general movement pattern is learned, in the second phase of learning, feedback trials need to be mixed with no-feedback tirals of terminal feedback, which is superior to building up a movement representation relying on feedforward contorl and online correction based on proprioceptive afferences.", Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key concept unique characteristic is called the bidirectional peroperty of the haptic sense, which provides the basis to further enhance motor learning through haptic interacations, Motion training Title Skill training in multimodal virtual environments, motor learning: a lasting change of motor performance caused by training behavioral level, three different phases 3. first movement representation: a highly automatized and consistent manner, motor learning: a lasting change of motor performance caused by training programs program forming the basis of the feedforward strategy, Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key concept Design aspects of error visualization, of the actual and the desired motor behavior - effectiveness of visual augmented feedback - abstract or natural To instruct movement tasks, abstract sketches have been shown to be more effective than real pictures. (Kruber, 1984) nimations can have an advantage over real videos, being reduced to the most relevant info. (Petzold et al,. 2004) From the beginning, plotting the actual variables and the target trajectory or the target trajectory emerged during the task execution, Nature virtualization: Should revisit here once the VR system is set concurrent visual feedback In the future: displaying bars representing actual and target joint angles enhances complex motor learning (Schack et al., 2008) -> concurrent visual feedback for the relevant rowing variables like force-angle plots, guidance hypothesis: permanent feedback during acquisition leads to a dependency on the feedback guidance forces learners to ignore their intrinsic feedback - tons of references in simple tasks proven, Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key concept Researchers have develped devices that provide haptic interaction and assess a subject's performance simultaneously, Skill training in multimodal virtual environments key term training protocol: training schedule, duration, tasks scenarios and difficulty manipulation, Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key concept Designing the feedback threshold: feedback when the movement error exceeds a certain threshold - faded feedback(=reduced feedback frequency), bandwidth feedback The learner corrects irrelevant errors orginiating from noise in the sensory motor system: Schmidt (1991, In Requin), Nature virtualization: Should revisit here once the VR system is set concurrent visual feedback For simple tasks, abstract visualizations might be sufficient, since the small number of relevant variables can be meaningfully represented and cognitively mastered. For complex interlimb coordination task, a displacement-displacement plot (Lissajous figure) for an abstract concurrent feedback -> one limb on the abscissa, another on the ordinate. giving the additional info. about the range of the movement // the challenge of out-of-phase coordination task is that two independent effectors have to be controlled in accordance with a common movment plan. This plot provides a single outcome parameter capturing the relation of both limbs., motor learning: a lasting change of motor performance caused by training programs gradual reduction of the variability in the newly developed motor program via sensory feedback loops, Nature virtualization: Should revisit here once the VR system is set concurrent visual feedback Design aspects of error visualization, of the actual and the desired motor behavior - effectiveness of visual augmented feedback - abstract or natural To instruct movement tasks, abstract sketches have been shown to be more effective than real pictures. (Kruber, 1984) nimations can have an advantage over real videos, being reduced to the most relevant info. (Petzold et al,. 2004) From the beginning, plotting the actual variables and the target trajectory or the target trajectory emerged during the task execution, Augmented (extrinsic) visual, auditory, haptic and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review key concept motor learning: a lasting change of motor performance caused by training